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I will provide an article on Ethereum’s blockchain structure, specifically focusing on Leveldb and Node.js.
Ethereum blockchain structure: a deep immersion at leveldb
Ethereum blockchain is a decentralized system of maintenance of public records that allows to verify and store transactions in the network. To understand how this works, we need to break down its underlying architecture.
Blockchain structure
The Ethereum block chain consists of several layers:
- Block : A block is a collection of transactions. Each transaction consists of a sender, recipient, quantity and other relevant data.
- Chain : The chain is the sequence of blocks that make up the Ethereum block chain. Each block contains a hash of the hexadecimal representation of the previous block.
- Heading : The heading is a unique identifier for each block. Includes metadata such as the time brand, the number of confirmations and more.
leveldb: a distributed database
To store blockchain data efficiently, LeveldB is used, a distributed database. Leveldb allows fast search, deeds and updates to large data sets with low latency.
In Ethereum’s blockchain architecture, Leveldb is used to store block headers and other metadata. This means that you can access specific blocks for its identification of a single header.
Key/value pairs
To understand how key value pairs work in Leveldb, consider an example:
Suppose we want to recover the heading of a block with the following pairs of key values: Block_number,Timestamp and Nance.
Block_numberis a unique identifier for the block.
Timestamprepresents when the block was created (in seconds from the UNIX era).
Nanceis an optional value that determines how many times the creator of the block can send transactions before confirming it.
To access this data in Leveldb, we would use the following key values pairs:
| Key | Value |
| — | — |
| Block_number | 1234567890 (the actual block number) |
| `Timestamp | 1643723400.000z (The Time Brand) |
| Nance | 42 (optional value) |
In Leveldb, these data are stored as a hash of key value pairs:
`JSON
{
"Block_number": "1234567890",
"Timestamp": "1643723400.000z",
"Nance": "42"
}
node.js and leveldb
To access the blockchain database directly using node.js, you can use theleveldbpackage. Here is a simplified example:
JavaScript
constant level = require ('level');
// create a new level instance
consta dB = level (': memory:'); // ': Memory:' It is a special key that allows data bases only
// Insert some data into the database
DB.set ('Block_number', '1234567890', {Timestamp: 1643723400.000z, Nance: 42});
db.set ('Transaction_hash', 'ABCDEFG');
// Recover the heading of a specific block using your ID
const blocleheader = db.get ('block_number');
Console.log (block head);
// Update the data in Leveldb (optional)
db.update ('block_number', {Timestamp: 1643723401.000z, Nance: 43});
In this example, we create a new instance of the VerdB level and insert some data in it usingset ()`. Then we recover the heading of a specific block using its ID and update the data if necessary.
Conclusion
Ethereum’s blockchain structure is based on the upper Leveldb for efficient storage and recovery. By understanding how key value pairs work in Leveldb, you can access the Ethereum Blockchain database directly using Node.JS. However, keep in mind that this requires that an instance of a Leveldb level be created and maintained correctly.